They seem to be segments within the episodes of https://www.themoviedb.org/tv/1072-scooby-s-all-star-laff-a-lympics?language=en-US

Why do you think they're segments within the olympic episodes?

In regards to 17-24 not belonging to this show, these episodes should be two-segment episodes and the descriptions reflect that for 1-16 but not 17-24. This write-up of the DVD I found supports that as well. Unfortunately, I could not find primary sources for the aired segments.

As far as packaging in the Olympic episodes, the Scooby Doo Show (which has been deleted from TMDB, episode listing is on hbomax) was comprised of repackaged segments from various shows including the Scooby's All-Star Laff-A-Lympics as mentioned in the hbomax description. Again, primary sources are lacking but I think the first link at least shows they don't belong in the Scooby-Doo Dynomutt Hour show listing.

This franchise's airing history seems like a mess!

 these episodes should be two-segment episodes

1-16 need to be fixed, but I'm trying to figure out 17-24 first. Where and where were these segments first aired? The descriptions don't seems to match the Scooby's All-Star Laff-A-Lympics episodes.

My understanding is that both The Scooby-Doo/Dynomutt Hour and Scooby's All-Star Laff-A-Lympic were programming blocks that contained multiple segments within it, both of which were later repackaged into The Scooby Doo Show (also with couple of other shows). Episodes 1-16 originated in The Scooby-Doo/Dynomutt Hour programing block, and the Scooby segments of that were Season 1 of the Scooby Doo Show, and 17-24 actually originated in Scooby's All-Star Laff-A-Lympic programming block (had several segments) and the Scooby segments made up Season 2 of The Scooby Doo Show.

Unfortunately, I can't find good sources on it, the Wikipedia page is detailed but lacks references. The best I can find right now is that Season 2 of the Scooby Doo Show (currently entered as Ep 17-24 here) shares airdates with the air dates of the All Star Show.