Tartarin is the local hero in the small provincial town of Tarascon. He shows off about imaginary adventures in Africa, where he has never been, as a Lion Hunter, which he is only in his imagination. Even though the locals know he has never been to Africa, they keep hoping he will leave one day. After a misunderstanding, and much gossip, everyone thinks that Tartarin plans to actually take the trip.

Tartarin est un bourgeois fanfaron et robuste qui vit à Tarascon, sa réputation repose sur des récits de voyages et d'aventures, plus ou moins inventés. Il se voit alors obligé de quitter son pays et rejoindre l'Afrique pour y chasser le fauve afin d'impressionner son entourage. Là-bas, il vivra des aventures dignes d'un Don Quichotte...