English (en-US)

Name

Han Suyin

Biography

Rosalie Matilda Kuanghu Chou (Chinese: 周光瑚; 12 September 1917 or 1916 – 2 November 2012) was a Chinese-born Eurasian physician and author better known by her pen name Han Suyin (Chinese: 韓素音). She wrote in English and French on modern China, set her novels in East and Southeast Asia, and published autobiographical memoirs which covered the span of modern China. These writings gained her a reputation as an ardent and articulate supporter of the Chinese Communist Revolution. She lived in Lausanne, Switzerland, for many years until her death.

Han Suyin was born in Xinyang, Henan, China. Her father was a Belgian-educated Chinese engineer, Chou Wei (Chinese: 周煒; pinyin: Zhōu Wěi), of Hakka heritage, while her mother was Flemish.

She began work as a typist at Peking Union Medical College in 1931, not yet 15 years old. In 1933 she was admitted to Yenching University where she felt she was discriminated against as a Eurasian. In 1935 she went to Brussels to study medicine. In 1938 she returned to China, married Tang Pao-Huang (Chinese: 唐保璜), a Chinese Nationalist military officer, who was to become a general. She worked as a midwife in an American Christian mission hospital in Chengdu, Sichuan. Her first novel, Destination Chungking (1942), was based on her experiences during this period. In 1940, she and her husband adopted their daughter, Tang Yungmei.

In 1944 she went with her daughter to London, where her husband Pao had been posted two years earlier as military attaché, to continue her studies in medicine at the Royal Free Hospital. Pao was subsequently posted to Washington and later to the Manchurian front. In 1947, while she was still in London, her husband died in action during the Chinese Civil War.

She graduated MBBS (Bachelor of Medicine & Surgery) with Honours in 1948 and in 1949 went to Hong Kong to practise medicine at the Queen Mary Hospital. There she met and fell in love with Ian Morrison, a married Australian war correspondent based in Singapore, who was killed in Korea in 1950. She portrayed their relationship in the bestselling novel A Many-Splendoured Thing (Jonathan Cape, 1952) and the factual basis of their relationship is documented in her autobiography My House Has Two Doors (1980).

In 1952, she married Leon Comber, a British officer in the Malayan Special Branch, and went with him to Johore, Malaya (present-day Malaysia), where she worked in the Johor Bahru General Hospital and opened a clinic in Johor Bahru and Upper Pickering Street, Singapore. In 1953, she adopted another daughter, Chew Hui-Im (Hueiying), in Singapore.

In 1955, Han contributed efforts to the establishment of Nanyang University in Singapore. Specifically, she served as physician to the institution, having refused an offer to teach literature. Chinese writer Lin Yutang, first president of the university, had recruited her for the latter field, but she declined, indicating her desire "to make a new Asian literature, not teach Dickens". ...

Source: Article "Han Suyin" from Wikipedia in English, licensed under CC-BY-SA 3.0.

French (fr-FR)

Name
Biography

Han Suyin (韩素音), à l'État civil Chou Kuanghu, connue aussi sous le nom de Rosalie Élisabeth Comber, née le 12 septembre 1917 à Xinyang, dans le Henan (Chine), et morte le 2 novembre 2012 (à 95 ans) à Lausanne (Suisse), est une écrivaine, autobiographe, historienne, sinologue et analyste politique d'origine chinoise et belge, et docteur en médecine de formation.

Écrivant principalement en anglais, mais aussi en français et en chinois, elle est l'auteur de romans dont l'action se déroule en Asie (Destination Tchoungking, Multiple splendeur, Jusqu'au matin, Les Quatre Visages et La montagne est jeune, etc.), de récits autobiographiques (L'Arbre blessé, Une fleur mortelle, Un été sans oiseaux, Ma maison a deux portes et La Moisson du Phénix) et d'essais sociopolitiques et d'études historiques sur la Chine moderne (Le Déluge du matin: Mao Tsetoung et la révolution chinoise, 1893-1954, Le premier jour du monde: Mao Tsetoung et la révolution chinoise, 1949-1975 et Le siècle de Zhou Enlai: le mandarin révolutionnaire: 1898-1998). Ses ouvrages ont été traduits dans de nombreuses langues.

Son roman autobiographique, Multiple splendeur, paru en 1952, demeure le plus grand succès de sa carrière. Il est adapté au cinéma en 1955 par le réalisateur Henry King sous le titre La Colline de l'adieu, film hollywoodien qui devient un succès public et critique: le film est nommé pour huit Oscars et en remporte trois.

Dans les années 1960 et 1970, Han Suyin joue un rôle diplomatique discret, mais majeur comme «porte-parole» officieux de la Chine de Mao Zedong en Occident. Favorable au maoïsme, mais sans avoir jamais adhéré au Parti communiste chinois, elle soutient dans un premier temps le Grand Bond en avant et la Révolution culturelle en Chine, soutien qui lui vaut d'être critiquée par des défenseurs des droits de l'homme, des sinologues occidentaux et par le gouvernement tibétain en exil et ses partisans.

Han Suyin, de son nom de baptême Kuanghu Matilda Rosalie Elizabeth Chou, est née le 12 septembre 1917, d'un père chinois, d'ascendance Hakka et d'une mère belge. La famille de son père avait quitté le nord de la Chine pour le comté de Meixian, dans la province du Guangdong, au XIIIe siècle, puis gagné le comté de Pi, dans la province du Sichuan, au XVIIe siècle.

Bénéficiaire d'une bourse, son père, Yentung Chou, avait quitté la province du Sichuan pour l'Europe en 1903 afin d'y étudier le génie ferroviaire. À l'université de Bruxelles (Belgique), il avait rencontré Marguerite Denis, qui, en 1908, allait devenir sa femme, malgré les préjugés de l'époque contre les mariages inter-raciaux. Après la naissance de leur premier enfant, en 1913, ils étaient partis s'installer en Chine, où son père devait travailler comme ingénieur auprès de la société belgo-chinoise des chemins de fer. ...

Source: Article "Han Suyin" de Wikipédia en français, soumis à la licence CC-BY-SA 3.0.

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