Hervé Bazin (17 April 1911 – 17 February 1996) was a French writer, whose best-known novels covered semi-autobiographical topics of teenage rebellion and dysfunctional families.

Bazin, born Jean-Pierre Hervé-Bazin in Angers, Maine-et-Loire, France came from a high-bourgeois Catholic family. He was the great-nephew of the writer René Bazin. His father was a magistrate who with his wife had been sent to China to take up a diplomatic post. Hervé and his brother were brought up in the ancestral home, the chateau of Le Patys, by their grandmother. When she died, his mother returned from Hanoi with reluctance. She sent Bazin to a variety of clerical establishments and then to the military academy, the Prytanée de la Fleche, from which he was expelled as incompetent. He opposed his authoritarian mother, ran away several times during his teens, and refused Catholic teachings. At the age of 20 he broke up with his family.

Leaving his home for Paris, he took a degree in literature at the Sorbonne. During fifteen years of writing poetry with little success, Bazin worked in many small jobs. Notable work of this period included founding a poetic review, la Coquille (The Shell, only eight volumes), named after the medieval poet-beggars, the coquillards of Villon's days, and "À la poursuite d'Iris" in 1948. He won the 1947 Prix Apollinaire for Jour, his first book of poetry.

Following the advice of Paul Valéry, he left poetry to focus on prose.

Childhood conflicts with his mother inspired the novel Viper in the Fist in 1948. The novel portrays the hatred between a mother nicknamed Folcoche (from the French "folle" (crazy) and "cochonne" (pig) and her children, including the narrator Jean Rezeau, called "Brasse-bouillon". Maurice Nadeau described the novel as "Atrides in duffle-coat". The book was immensely successful in postwar France, and was followed by La Mort du Petit Cheval and Le Cri de la Chouette to create a trilogy. In other works, Bazin returned to the theme of the family. In addition to novels, he also wrote short stories and essays.

Bazin became a member of the Académie Goncourt in 1958, replacing Francis Carco. He became its president in 1973, and was replaced, after his death, by Jorge Semprún, while the presidency was given to François Nourissier.

Politically, Bazin belonged to the Mouvement de la Paix, in relation with the communist party of which he was a sympathizer. He obtained the Lenin Peace Prize in 1979. This made Roger Peyrefitte say jokingly: "Hervé Bazin had two prizes which fitted each other: the Lenin Peace Prize and the black humour prize."

In 1995, he gave his manuscripts and letters to the record office of the town of Nancy, which already owned the archives of the Goncourt brothers, who originated from the town. Bazin died in Angers.

Due to a juridical imbroglio, the six children of his first marriages obtained, against the will of his last spouse and last son, the auction of the archive at the Hôtel Drouot on 29 October 2004. With help from the district's authorities, the university library of Angers managed to preempt almost the whole of the estate, meaning 22 manuscripts and about 9000 letters which were made available to the research community, as the author wished. ...

Source: Article "Hervé Bazin" from Wikipedia in english, licensed under CC-BY-SA 3.0.

Hervé Bazin, de son nom de naissance Jean Pierre Marie Hervé-Bazin, né le 17 avril 1911 à Angers, ville où il est mort le 17 février 1996, est un écrivain et romancier français, connu en particulier pour ses romans autobiographiques (Vipère au poing, La Mort du petit cheval et Cri de la chouette).

Hervé Bazin est né au sein d'une famille aisée. Son père, Jacques Hervé-Bazin (1882-1944), est docteur en droit, avocat de profession, et enseigne durant plusieurs années à l'Université Catholique de l'Aurore à Shanghaï (Chine). Sa mère, Paule Guilloteaux (1890-1960), est la fille de Jean Guilloteaux (1865-1949), député puis sénateur du Morbihan. Sa grand-mère paternelle, Marie Bazin (1850-1919), auteure de plusieurs romans sous le pseudonyme de Jacques Bret, est la sœur du romancier et Académicien français René Bazin (1853-1932).

Il passe son enfance à Marans, près d'Angers, dans la propriété familiale, le château du Patys, avec ses deux frères, où il s'oppose à sa mère qui était une femme autoritaire et sèche. Il fugue plusieurs fois pendant son adolescence et refuse de passer les examens à la faculté catholique de droit d'Angers qu'on lui a imposée et, l'année de ses vingt ans, il rompt avec sa famille, et part étudier à la faculté de lettres de la Sorbonne (il emprunte la voiture de son père, a un accident, dont il sort amnésique, ce qui le condamne à une longue hospitalisation). Malgré les souvenirs douloureux de son enfance, il reste toute sa vie très attaché à sa région natale où il situe bon nombre de ses romans.

En parallèle de ses études, il exerce de nombreux petits métiers et écrit de la poésie, durant une quinzaine d'années, sans éclats. En 1946, il crée la revue poétique La Coquille (huit volumes seulement). En 1947, il obtient le prix Apollinaire pour Jour, son premier recueil de poèmes, qui sera suivi d'À la poursuite d'Iris en 1948.

Sur le conseil de Paul Valéry, il se détourne alors de la poésie pour se consacrer à la prose.

Il adresse aux éditions Grasset son manuscrit Vipère au poing sous son véritable nom, Jean Hervé-Bazin. Après son acceptation par Jean Blanzat, directeur littéraire, Bernard Grasset décida d'autorité que la publication du livre sous le nom d'Hervé Bazin suffisait. Il décida aussi de rajeunir son nouveau et dernier poulain littéraire en le faisant naître en 1917, au lieu de 1911, pour donner l'impression qu'il s'agissait d'un jeune auteur. En 1948 Hervé Bazin avait déjà 37 ans. ...

Source: Article "Hervé Bazin" de Wikipédia en français, soumis à la licence CC-BY-SA 3.0.